Types of Screwdrivers
Types of Screwdrivers
If you’re familiar with DIY, you’ll know that screwdrivers are fundamental tools in every toolbox. In fact, your toolbox is probably already full of them. There are many different types of screwdrivers that are suited for different purposes. It’s important to use the correct type of screwdriver for specific tasks, as this not only improves efficiency and safety, but also prevents damage of the screwdriver, screw and work surface.
In this article, we provide a comprehensive guide of screwdriver types. We look at the basic components and features of a screwdriver, as well as different types of screwdriver heads. We also advise on how to choose the right screwdriver for your task, and answer some commonly asked questions you may have. Once you have a better understanding of all the types of screwdrivers, you’ll be ready to carry out a range of DIY projects, knowing what you need and when you need it.
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Overview of screwdrivers
Before we talk about types of screwdrivers, let’s look at the primary parts of a standard screwdriver. Every screwdriver will have three basic components: the handle, the shaft and the tip. The handle helps ensure you have a comfortable and secure grip of the screwdriver, and can be made of plastic, rubber or wood. Some screwdrivers will feature an ergonomic design too, to reduce any pressure or strain on your hand. There’s also VDE and non VDE screwdrivers, which we will talk about later.
Then you’ll have the shaft, also known as the shank, which is made of durable steel and connects the handle and the tip. The shaft will vary in length and thickness, depending on the type of screwdriver and its specific use. For instance, some screwdrivers are longer and others are stubby, depending on where you need to reach.
At the top is the tip, also known as the blade, which is what connects with the head of the screw. This is another part of the screwdriver that differs depending on what the screwdriver is to be used for, and according to the screw head. It’s handy to have a range of screwdriver bits at hand with an interchangeable screwdriver, in case you need a certain size or type.
All of the parts of the screwdriver will vary to suit different tasks, whether it’s precision work or heavy-duty construction. They will be specifically designed to accommodate that specific task, making the process easier and more efficient.
Types of screwdriver tip types
Below, we list and describe the most commonly used screwdrivers, including their primary uses and key features.
Flathead screwdrivers
A flathead screwdriver, also called a slotted screwdriver, is common in most households as it can be used for general purposes. The tip is a single flat blade that will fit into a straight slot on the screw head. This type of screwdriver can be used to tighten or loosen screws for a range of daily applications, such as assembling furniture, as well as other tasks like electronics or woodwork. They will vary in size and length depending on their intended use.
Phillips screwdrivers
Phillips screwdrivers are another popular type of screwdriver and have plenty of versatile use. This screwdriver has a X-shaped tip that will tighten or loosen screws with a X-shaped head. Phillips screwdrivers and screws have an ergonomic improvement over flathead screwdrivers, since the X-shape allows for better grip, more control and stronger drive. The screwdriver can still slip out, so it’s best to drive it slowly. They also come in a variety of sizes and lengths, and used for general purposes, including assembly and repairs.
PZ screwdrivers
PZ screwdrivers, also known as Pozidriv, are an improvement of the Phillips screwdriver. This type has more lines etched in, which means the screwdriver will have more contact and better grip of the screw. By providing more force, it reduces the chance of the tip slipping out of the screw head. It’s important to only use this screwdriver type for PZ screws, even though you could for Phillips screws, and vice versa. Otherwise, you may risk damaging the screw.
Torx screwdrivers
A Torx screwdriver is suited to Torx fasteners. It has a star-shaped tip with 6 points, just like its corresponding screws. This type of screwdriver is known for being durable and can resist slipping out of place. Since it has better stability, it can reduce damage to both the screw and screwdriver, increasing the lifespan of both. Torx screwdrivers are typically used in automotive, electronic and security industries.
Hex screwdriver
Hex screwdrivers are another household essential, and suit screws with a hexagonal slot. You may already have something that you know as an Allen key. Hex keys are commonly used for assembling furniture, as well as bicycles and other machinery. Again, its specific shape helps provide a better fit, stronger grip and less slippage. This screwdriver type comes in different sizes and lengths too, depending on the screw or bolt it's needed for.
Ratcheting screwdriver
Ratcheting screwdrivers are another screwdriver type that’s designed to work without needing to be repositioned. It has a ratcheting mechanism that means it can rotate continuously in one direction, while also moving freely in the opposite one. Not only is this easier and more efficient for when you’re tightening or removing screws, especially for longer screws or repetitive work, but it reduces damage on the screw too. It’s also ideal for working in tight spaces where you have less accessibility, since you won’t need to keep stopping to reposition the screwdriver.
Specialty screwdrivers
Besides your everyday tools, there are also other types of screwdrivers that are more specialised. These screwdriver types are for unique applications, and you’ll need them in certain scenarios.
Precision screwdrivers
Precision screwdrivers are designed for delicate tasks like working on small hardware and tiny screws. They’re commonly used for computers, electronics, glasses, jewellery, watches and toys. They are very small in size, and can be made with metal, plastic or rubber handles. Since this type of screwdriver head is much smaller than others, they provide better accuracy and control for the task, and therefore less slippage.
Triangle screwdrivers
Triangle screwdrivers, like the name, are specifically for screws with triangular slots. This specialist type of screwdriver is designed to protect sensitive hardware by making it more difficult to access. They can also be used for appliances and toys.
Robertson screwdriver
Robertson screwdrivers are used for screws with a square shape. In this case, it can work better than other screwdrivers for this screw shape, as it has better grip to the sides of the slots, therefore reducing slippage. They can be used in construction, furniture, flooring and woodworking.
Offset screwdriver
An offset screwdriver is a Z-shaped screwdriver that has ends on either end with a metal handle in the middle. This screwdriver type is really handy for working in small or tight spaces, where there is not enough space to fit a standard screwdriver. Offset screwdrivers can come in different sizes and lengths, with heads fitted for different screw types.
Types of screwdriver blades
Amongst screwdrivers, there are also different types of screwdriver blades. These blades will vary in length depending on the task at hand and user needs. It’s important to choose the right blade to make the process easier and more precise.
Stubby screwdrivers
Stubby screwdrivers have a compact blade that’s particularly short, so you have better access to small or tight spaces. If you’re trying to reach behind appliances or furniture that are too heavy to move, a stubby screwdriver can help. They have an ergonomic handle that provides plenty of control and grip.
Extra-long screwdrivers
Extra-long screwdrivers have a greater length so you can reach screws that are further out of your reach. It’s usually for larger machinery, like automotive vehicles or industrial equipment. This type of screwdriver blade often has a magnetic tip so you can reach the screw more easily, as well as an insulated handle for working with electric appliances.
Types of screwdriver bodies
Screwdriver bodies also come in different types, including variations in handle design, as well as added features like insulation. Depending on the task and your preference, you should check out types of screwdriver bodies to find the right one. This will make you more comfortable, safe and precise in your work.
VDE Screwdrivers
VDE screwdrivers are certified to meet the VDE safety standards. This is a German association that recommends best practices on electrical work. A VDE screwdriver has an insulated handle and shaft that can protect from an electric shock of up to 1,000 volts. It is handy for electricians who are working with appliances or live wires, keeping them and others safe.
Non VDE Screwdrivers
On the other hand, non-VDE screwdrivers are used for daily tasks, like DIY, construction and other applications. They are not insulated, so shouldn’t be used for electrical tasks. They will still come in a range of designs with different features. For instance, screwdrivers may have an ergonomic or textured handle for better grip and control.
Mixed screwdriver sets
Mixed screwdriver sets are an ideal option for both DIY enthusiasts and professional tradespeople. These sets typically include a variety of screwdriver types, in different sizes and lengths. With flathead, Phillips, Torx and hex screwdrivers all in one place, you’ll have what you need to complete a wide range of tasks.
With a mixed screwdriver set, you can go from assembling furniture and fixing appliances, to changing batteries in toys and hanging pictures. For professionals, these sets allow for a range of construction tasks, repairs and electrical work, such as with a mixed VDE screwdriver sets. Screwdriver sets provide convenience and versatility. You can keep all parts neatly in a toolbox, for ease of use and storage.
How to choose the right screwdriver
There are certain steps that you can take to help you choose the right screwdriver for a job. Not only will this make your task more efficient, but it’ll also reduce damage to the screws.
Here are some points to consider before you make your decision:
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Identify the type of screw first. Check if the screw that needs driving is flathead, Phillips, Torx or hex. This will help you know what type of screwdriver head to use to ensure a precise fit.
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Consider the required torque. Depending on the screw and the item, you’ll know how much power it will need to drive the screw in. If it’s more, use a screwdriver that is comfortable and durable to make the task easier.
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Check the space for the task. If you’re working in a confined or difficult-to-reach area, you may need a short or extra-long screwdriver. This will help you access the space more easily.
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Choose features that suit you. Screwdrivers can come with different handle styles, like ergonomic, insulated, or anti-slip. With less hand strain and reduced slippage, your task will be more efficient.
It’s also worth considering that some jobs may be easier with an impact driver or combi drill, especially if it requires a higher torque, finding the right impact driver will ensure you can drive a screw into the surface.
A summary of the different types of screwdrivers
In this guide, we’ve discussed the many different types of screwdrivers. Screwdrivers are important tools in any household, as well as professions within construction, manual labour and electrical work. From flathead and Phillips screwdrivers, to hex and Torx, there’ll be a point where you’ll need to use a different type. Specialist screwdrivers are also designed for specific tasks.
Besides types of screwdrivers, we talked about the different parts of the screwdriver including the handle, shaft and tip. We describe different lengths and sizes, features, and specific uses, such as working in tight spaces. The ideal solution is a screwdriver set that will cover all your needs in a bundle. Alternatively you can opt for an interchangeable screwdriver and screwdriver bit set, to handle a diverse range of projects with a multitude of screwdriver bits to hand.